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The External Environment Analysis





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This section of your business plan involves assessing and analyzing the external changes in the industry as well as the Political, Economic, Social,  Technological, Legislative and Ecological or Environmental based changes. This is based on an information gathering process which focuses on the External Environment  of your business. The main reason behind analyzing the External Environment of your business is to identify opportunities relating to your area of business or core competencies. This will enable you to strategise as to how your business can capitalize on the identified opportunities. An analysis of the External Environment also helps you identify threats that are external to your business. You may not be able to directly change the threats but you might be able to mitigate the identified threats.

The External Environment is an analysis of what is commonly referred to as PESTLE which is an acronym for:

  • Political
  • Economic
  • Social
  • Technological
  • Legislative or regulatory
  • Ecological or Environment


You can use this (PESTLE) as a framework to ensure that you have covered all the possible aspects about the External Environment.


Political Changes

  • Government legislation
  • Government policies
  • Government stance on competition

Economic Changes

  • Interest rates
  • Inflation rates
  • GDP
  • Tax rates
  • Recession
  • Exchange rates
  • Unemployment levels

Social Changes

  • Age profiles
  • Population shifts
  • Urbanization
  • Health
  • Well being
  • Changes in lifestyle
  • Culture
  • Education levels

Technology Changes

Changes in technology that can support or affect:

  • Front office operations
  • Back office operations
  • Marketing
  • Human Resource
  • Distribution
  • Finance
  • Operations
 
Ecological, Ethical or Environmental Changes

  • Global warming
  • Greening
  • Pollution
  • Need for Environmental Impact assessments


Legislative Changes

  • Regulations
  • Laws
  • Copyrights
  • Patents
  • Trademarks

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Assessing and analyzing the industry



In terms of assessing and analyzing the industry, it important to consider the following:

  • What industry does your business fall under? - for example, mining industry, motor vehicle industry, textile industry, poultry (agricultural) industry, pulp and paper industry and many more
  • Do you have an understanding of where the industry has come from (past), where the industry is today (present), and where the industry is going (future)?
  • What is the size of your industry?
  • Is the industry growing or declining?
  • What are the key trends in the industry?
  • Who are the key players in the industry?
  • What are the risks associated with the industry?
  • What are the key success factors?
  • What are the barriers to entry?
  • Do you have an understanding of the value chain? Consider the entire value chain from the Manufacturer to the final consumer.

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