Ferrovanta Mining Services — Sensitivity, Scenario and Returns Analysis

The sensitivity, scenario and returns analysis — base, upside and downside cases across commodity prices, utilisation, margins and exit multiples, and the resulting equity IRR and money multiple.

Ferrovanta Mining Services Business PlanSection 17 › Sensitivity, Scenario and Returns Analysis

Section 17 · Business Plan

Sensitivity, Scenario and Returns Analysis

The sensitivity, scenario and returns analysis — base, upside and downside cases across commodity prices, utilisation, margins and exit multiples, and the resulting equity IRR and money multiple.

17.1 Approach

The base case projections represent the management’s central
forecast. Recognising that real-world outcomes vary, this section
presents (i) a sensitivity analysis isolating the impact of individual
variables; (ii) three scenarios (downside, base, upside) flexing
multiple variables simultaneously; and (iii) the equity-return profile
for the investor under each scenario.

17.2 One-Way Sensitivities

The tornado chart below shows the impact on Year 5 EBITDA of
one-standard-deviation moves in each key variable, holding all other
variables constant. Fleet utilisation and contract volume are the most
material upside/downside drivers, followed by diesel price and FX
rate.

Figure 17.1
Figure 17.1 — Sensitivity Tornado: Impact on Year 5 EBITDA (Base ZAR 4,000m)

17.3 Scenario Analysis

Metric Downside Base Upside
Fleet utilisation (Y5) 67% 78% 84%
Contract win rate vs plan 75% 100% 115%
Diesel price (vs base case) +15% Base (8%)
ZAR/USD (vs base) (10%) Base +5%
Year 5 Revenue (ZAR bn) 11.8 16.0 19.7
Year 5 EBITDA (ZAR bn) 2.45 4.00 5.30
Year 5 EBITDA Margin 20.8% 25.0% 26.9%
Minimum DSCR 1.18x 1.42x 1.65x
Cumulative Y1-Y7 FCF (ZAR bn) 8.4 13.5 18.1
Equity IRR 18.2% 30.4% 41.6%
Money Multiple 2.1x 4.2x 6.5x

17.4 Stress Test Cases

In addition to the multi-variable scenario analysis, three discrete
stress tests have been modelled to confirm the resilience of the
business under severe but plausible single-event shocks. In each case,
the business remains solvent and the senior debt service is maintained,
although equity returns are materially compressed.

Stress Event Description Outcome
Anchor contract loss (Y2) Loss of the Mpumalanga coal contract due to commodity-price-driven mine closure Revenue Y2 -25%, EBITDA Y2 -42%; DSCR -0.18x; debt-service maintained
Major equipment outage (12 months) Catastrophic OEM-wide reliability issue with primary excavator class Revenue Y3 -15%, EBITDA Y3 -22%; covered by insurance and OEM warranty
ZAR currency collapse (40% devaluation) Sudden one-off ZAR/USD collapse to 25.90 Equipment finance costs +18% in ZAR; offset by USD revenue pass-through on cross-border contracts; net FCF impact -8%

Confidential — this business plan is provided to prospective investors and lenders for evaluation purposes only and may not be reproduced or distributed without the written consent of Ferrovanta Mining Services (Pty) Ltd.