This section presents the full five-year financial plan: the modelling philosophy and assumptions, the revenue build, and the three primary statements — projected profit and loss, balance sheet and cash flow — together with unit economics, capital structure and debt coverage. All figures are in South African Rand millions unless stated.
15.1 Modelling philosophy and assumptions
Sponsor operating targets — revenue, EBITDA, merchants and GPV — are preserved exactly as furnished. Everything below EBITDA has been independently re-derived by the analyst, so that the plan reflects the true, fully-loaded economics rather than a headline. Specifically, the model applies full depreciation of placed terminals and amortisation of capitalised software; the full cash cost of both the senior venture/DFI debt and the lending warehouse; and South African corporate tax at 27% with proper assessed-loss carry-forward. The three statements are fully articulated — the balance sheet ties to zero in every year — and the cash flow reconciles opening to closing cash.
|
Assumption |
Basis |
|---|---|
|
Corporate tax rate |
27% (SA), with assessed-loss carry-forward |
|
Software capitalisation |
Amortised straight-line over 4 years |
|
Placed-terminal capex |
Depreciated straight-line over 3 years |
|
Senior debt |
R120m venture/DFI, 13.5%, interest-only to FY2028 then amortising |
|
Lending warehouse |
80% advance rate, 13.5% funding cost |
|
Lending gross yield |
34% on average book (short-tenor RBF) |
|
Settlement float |
~1.5 days of GPV held as merchant settlement payable |
|
ECL provision |
~7% of gross lending book held on balance sheet |
15.2 Revenue build
Revenue compounds at roughly 137% per annum over the plan, driven by merchant-base and GPV growth rather than by pricing. The composition rotates from a payments-and-hardware mix towards payments-at-scale and embedded lending, as set out in Section 6.
|
Revenue stream (R’m) |
FY2027 |
FY2028 |
FY2029 |
FY2030 |
FY2031 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Payments (transaction) |
21 |
58 |
160 |
362 |
728 |
|
Lending (Velora Capital) |
3 |
13 |
51 |
142 |
322 |
|
Subscription (SaaS) |
9 |
22 |
51 |
107 |
196 |
|
Device sales |
9 |
18 |
32 |
50 |
56 |
|
VAS / API / insurance |
4 |
10 |
26 |
50 |
98 |
|
Total revenue |
45 |
120 |
320 |
710 |
1,400 |
15.3 Projected profit & loss
The income statement below carries the preserved revenue and EBITDA lines through to a fully-loaded net result. The key analytical message is the gap between EBITDA and net income in the ramp years: heavy platform amortisation and the cash cost of funding the lending book mean the business is not net-profitable until FY2030, two years after EBITDA turns positive.
|
R’m |
FY2027 |
FY2028 |
FY2029 |
FY2030 |
FY2031 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Revenue |
45 |
120 |
320 |
710 |
1,400 |
|
EBITDA |
(18) |
12 |
78 |
210 |
510 |
|
Depreciation & amortisation |
(28) |
(52) |
(84) |
(115) |
(135) |
|
EBIT |
(46) |
(40) |
(6) |
95 |
375 |
|
Finance cost (debt + warehouse) |
(17) |
(20) |
(32) |
(56) |
(108) |
|
Profit before tax |
(63) |
(60) |
(39) |
39 |
267 |
|
Taxation (27%) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
(39) |
|
Net income |
(63) |
(60) |
(39) |
39 |
228 |
|
EBITDA margin |
-40% |
10% |
24.4% |
29.6% |
36.4% |
|
Net margin |
-139% |
-50.4% |
-12.1% |
5.5% |
16.3% |
Key findingNet profitability lags EBITDA by two years on a fully-loaded basis
Headline EBITDA turns positive in FY2028, but modelled net income remains negative through FY2029 (–R63m, –R60m and –R39m in FY2027–FY2029) before reaching +R39m in FY2030 and +R228m in FY2031. The drivers are structural, not operational: front-loaded platform amortisation and the full cash cost of funding a fast-growing lending book, both of which sit below EBITDA. This is investment ahead of the revenue curve — but investors must fund the fully-loaded loss, not the EBITDA figure.
15.4 Projected balance sheet
The balance sheet is dominated over time by two assets — cash and the net lending book — and funded by equity, senior debt and the lending warehouse. It articulates fully and ties to zero in every year.
|
R’m |
FY2027 |
FY2028 |
FY2029 |
FY2030 |
FY2031 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Cash & equivalents |
292 |
192 |
96 |
113 |
359 |
|
Lending book (net of ECL) |
15 |
57 |
223 |
554 |
1,208 |
|
Trade & other receivables |
4 |
10 |
26 |
57 |
112 |
|
Inventory (devices) |
27 |
36 |
50 |
63 |
77 |
|
PPE & intangibles |
73 |
105 |
131 |
156 |
196 |
|
Deferred tax asset |
0 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
0 |
|
Total assets |
409 |
409 |
533 |
951 |
1,951 |
|
Trade & other payables |
5 |
12 |
32 |
71 |
140 |
|
Merchant settlement payable |
5 |
21 |
62 |
156 |
337 |
|
Senior debt |
120 |
120 |
80 |
40 |
0 |
|
Lending warehouse drawn |
13 |
49 |
192 |
477 |
1,039 |
|
Share capital |
330 |
330 |
330 |
330 |
330 |
|
Retained earnings |
(63) |
(123) |
(162) |
(123) |
106 |
|
Total equity & liabilities |
409 |
409 |
533 |
951 |
1,951 |
15.5 Projected cash flow
The cash-flow statement shows the business consuming cash through the ramp years — funded by the raise — and reaching self-sustaining operating cash generation as EBITDA scales. Warehouse draws fund the lending-book growth within financing activities; the payments business itself becomes operating-cash-flow positive as it matures.
|
R’m |
FY2027 |
FY2028 |
FY2029 |
FY2030 |
FY2031 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Opening cash |
0 |
292 |
200 |
105 |
121 |
|
Operating cash flow |
(56) |
(0) |
77 |
243 |
544 |
|
Investing cash flow |
(115) |
(128) |
(275) |
(471) |
(828) |
|
Financing cash flow |
463 |
37 |
102 |
245 |
522 |
|
Closing cash |
292 |
192 |
96 |
113 |
359 |
|
Free cash flow (pre-financing) |
(171) |
(128) |
(198) |
(229) |
(284) |
NoteThe R450m raise is adequately sized — conditional on the warehouse
Modelled closing cash never falls below approximately R96 million (FY2029 trough), so the R450 million raise is sufficient to fund the growth plan to self-sustaining cash generation — provided the separate lending warehouse is in place to fund the book. If the warehouse is not secured and the book had to be funded from the raise, the plan would be unfundable. Warehouse close is therefore the single most important condition precedent.
15.6 Unit economics
The plan’s viability rests on healthy and improving merchant unit economics. Customer-acquisition cost falls as digital and referral channels scale, while lifetime value rises as merchants are cross-sold higher-margin software and credit. The resulting LTV-to-CAC ratio expands from a solid level to a strong one over the plan.
|
Metric |
FY2027 |
FY2028 |
FY2029 |
FY2030 |
FY2031 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
CAC (R per merchant) |
1,450 |
1,250 |
1,050 |
900 |
780 |
|
Gross profit / merchant (R) |
3,262 |
2,480 |
2,347 |
2,227 |
1,988 |
|
Lifetime value (R) |
13,048 |
9,920 |
9,388 |
8,908 |
7,952 |
|
LTV : CAC |
9x |
7.94x |
8.94x |
9.9x |
10.19x |
|
Merchant churn |
22% |
19% |
16% |
14% |
12% |
|
Gross margin |
58% |
62% |
66% |
69% |
71% |
15.7 Capital structure, funding & coverage
The R450 million raise comprises approximately R330 million of growth equity and R120 million of senior venture/DFI debt. Layered on top — and outside the headline — is the lending warehouse, which grows with the book. The total funded capital stack at FY2031 scale is therefore materially larger than the headline raise.
Debt-service coverage on the senior facility is thin in the early ramp and strengthens rapidly thereafter. The analyst flags a coverage shortfall in FY2028 that requires deliberate structuring.
|
Coverage metric |
FY2027 |
FY2028 |
FY2029 |
FY2030 |
FY2031 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
CFADS (EBITDA – tax) |
(18) |
12 |
78 |
210 |
471 |
|
Senior debt service |
16 |
16 |
56 |
51 |
45 |
|
Senior DSCR (x) |
-1.11x |
0.74x |
1.39x |
4.13x |
10.37x |
Analyst flagSenior debt-service coverage breaches 1.0x in FY2028 — structure accordingly
Modelled senior DSCR falls to 0.74x in FY2028, as EBITDA of R12m does not cover senior interest of ~R16m in the year the debt is still interest-only. This is a structuring issue, not a solvency one, and the mitigants are standard: a funded debt-service reserve account (DSRA) sized from the raise, an interest-only period extended through FY2028, and a PIK-toggle on the senior facility during the ramp. Coverage recovers to 1.4x in FY2029 and above 4x thereafter. Lenders should require the DSRA and PIK toggle as conditions of the facility.
15.8 Year-1 monthly phasing
Because the first year sets the trajectory for the entire plan, the FY2027 ramp is modelled monthly. Revenue builds through the year as the merchant base compounds and the first lending cohorts season; the funded loss is concentrated in the first three quarters before the exit-run-rate approaches breakeven.
The monthly view underscores why committed (not merely pledged) tranche-1 equity is essential at close: the business is at its most cash-hungry in the first two quarters, before revenue and the platform are proven. Any gap in first-tranche funding in this window would be existential rather than merely inconvenient.