Copperfrontline Logistics Business Plan — Key Performance Indicators

The trips per truck, fill rate, turnaround and cost per kilometre indicators reported weekly, with targets and thresholds.

Key Performance Indicators

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The following are the measures on which this business should be governed. Two of them — round trips per truck per month and northbound fill rate — are reported weekly from the first month of operation, because together they determine the contribution the fleet earns and both are observable long before they appear in a financial statement.

Indicator	Definition	Target	Why it matters
Round trips per truck per month	Completed round trips divided by average available fleet	1.55 rising to 2.05	The primary productivity metric. One extra dwell day a round trip costs US$0.24m a year
Northbound fill rate	Return legs carrying paying freight divided by total return legs	62% rising to 78%	The backhaul is 90% of what a loaded trip earns. Each point is worth about US$39 a trip
Fleet availability	Vehicle-days available divided by vehicle-days owned	92% rising to 94%	Drives trips directly and underwrites the premium vehicle case
Fuel shrinkage	Fuel drawn less fuel accounted for, as a share of fuel	5.5% falling to 2.8%	An assumption about management, not about the market. Worth US$0.07m at FY2031
Contribution per round trip	Revenue less variable cost, per completed trip	US$3 322 rising to US$3 392	The unit of production. Everything in the plan resolves to this and to trips a month
Debt service cover	EBITDA divided by principal and interest due	Above the agreed relief level at every test	Below 1.25 times until FY2030. The binding constraint on growth
Receivable days	Trade receivables divided by revenue, annualised	55 days	Customers pay at 55 days; diesel, tolls and border charges are settled in cash
Southbound customer concentration	Largest customer volume divided by total southbound volume	Below 30% from FY2029	Above that the customer controls the rate card at renewal
Cargo loss per round trip	In-transit shortage net of insurance recovery	US$150 a round trip	Copper attracts organised theft and substitution
Overhead per truck a year	Total overheads divided by average fleet	About US$20 741	Overhead scales loosely with fleet. Stalling growth while carrying a built-out base destroys margin quickly

14.1 Reporting cadence and ownership

Measure	Cadence	Owner	Source
Round trips per truck per month	Weekly	Operations director	Telematics and gate records; feeds the end-FY2028 delivery trigger
Northbound fill rate	Weekly	Commercial manager, northbound	Load manifests by return leg; the largest controllable exposure in the business
Fleet availability	Weekly	Fleet engineer	Workshop records. Drives the trip count and underwrites the vehicle specification
Fuel shrinkage	Monthly, by route and by driver	Operations director	Tank sensing against fuel-card drawdowns and distance travelled
Debt service cover	Monthly, projected twelve months forward	Finance and administration	Projected forward, not reported backward. The trigger must fire before the test
Border dwell time by post	Weekly	Border and compliance	Agent records at Kasumbalesa and Nakonde
Southbound customer concentration	Quarterly	Managing director	Volume by customer as a share of southbound tonnage
Cargo loss and reconciliation variances	Every consignment	Operations director	Weight at both ends of every leg, against seal records

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