Copper Sourcing

The Copper Sourcing Playbook: Acquiring Copper from DRC Congo & Zambia

Chapter 06

Trade Finance & Payment Mechanics

Chapter 6 of 10Part VI — The Money

Physical copper is financed, not simply paid for. Understanding the instruments protects you from both commercial loss and the fraud that clusters around financial jargon.

Instrument What it is When used
DLC (MT700) Documentary letter of credit — bank pays seller against compliant shipping documents Standard for physical purchases; often transferable
SBLC (MT760) Standby LC — a bank guarantee that pays only if a party defaults Backstop / security, e.g. under CIF terms
Escrow Neutral third party holds funds until conditions are met Smaller deals; adds a layer of protection
T/T (wire) Direct bank transfer Avoid for first deals — no document protection
BUYERBUYER’S BANKSELLER’S BANKSELLER1. Apply for DLC2. Issue MT7003. Advise LC4. Ship + present docs5. Docs checked6. Docs to buyer7. Pay against compliant documentsPayment releases only against compliant documents — you pay for proof, not promises.
▲ How a documentary letter of credit protects the buyer — payment releases only against compliant documents.
Finance red lines
  • No legitimate seller needs an advance fee before issuing a proforma or letting you inspect.
  • SBLCs are security instruments — they are not ‘traded’ or ‘leased’ as investments. Anyone who says otherwise is running a scam.
  • Instruments must be issued bank-to-bank through official SWIFT channels; a PDF emailed from a personal account proves nothing.
  • If a term sheet is heavy on MT799 / MT760 / ‘bank pre-advice’ language but light on the actual metal, slow down.