Frame & Field Studios Business Plan — Investment Analysis

The project and equity returns, the exit assumption behind them, and what the numbers do and do not support.

Investment Analysis

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  • 9.1 Returns
  • 9.2 What the return depends on
  • 9.3 What would improve it

9.1 Returns

Measure

Base case

Comment

Total funding requirement

R11 860 000

Capital expenditure plus working capital and pre-opening cost

Capital invested in the project

R9 260 000

Equipment, fit-out and pre-opening; working capital flows through the model

Promoter and investor equity

R5 900 000

49.7% of the funding requirement

Project internal rate of return

28.9%

Five years plus a terminal value at 4.5x EBITDA

Return to equity

29.7%

After debt service and facility movement

Net present value at 15%

R7 230 954

Positive

Net present value at 18%

R5 237 017

Positive

Net present value at 22%

R2 997 286

Positive

Payback period

5.1 years

On unlevered project cash flow

Terminal value

R24 023 632

4.5x Year 5 EBITDA

Cumulative profit after tax, Years 1 to 5

R3 015 631

Turns positive during Year 5

Cumulative project cash flow before terminal value
Figure 20. Cumulative project cash flow before terminal value.

A project return of 28.9 per cent and an equity return of 29.7 per cent clear a fifteen per cent hurdle comfortably, and net present value remains positive at a 22 per cent discount rate. That is a stronger headline than most services businesses produce, and it rests on two features: the capital requirement is modest relative to revenue, and contribution per billable day is high once the fixed base is covered.

9.2 What the return depends on

Project return under alternative exit assumptions
Figure 21. Project return under alternative exit assumptions.

Exit multiple of Year 5 EBITDA

Terminal value (R)

Project IRR

Equity IRR

3.0x

16 015 755

22.1%

20.2%

4.0x

21 354 340

26.8%

26.8%

4.5x

24 023 632

28.9%

29.7%

5.0x

26 692 925

30.9%

32.3%

6.0x

32 031 510

34.5%

37.1%

9.3 What would improve it

Lever

Effect on Year 5 EBITDA

Assessment

Day rates 10% higher

+R2 808 840

The largest lever, and the one most under external pressure

AI rate pressure 2 points a year lighter

+R2 315 388

Outside the studio’s control; determined by client benchmarking behaviour

Editing ratio 15% better

+R515 235

Capped, because shooting then becomes the constraint

Direct costs 12% lower

+R1 250 400

Second shooters and crew; real but bounded

Utilisation 8 points higher

+R0

Nothing at all on its own; editing binds first

Editing and utilisation moved together

+R2 576 175

The only combination that produces a material gain

The last two rows are the operating instruction. Utilisation on its own is worth nothing at maturity because editing binds; editing on its own is worth little because shooting then binds. The pair is worth R2 576 175. Every other lever in the table is either outside the studio’s control or bounded, which makes matched capacity growth the only reliable route to improving the return from inside the business.