AgriFeed Holdings — Capital Structure & Funding Request

The ZAR 550 million Phase 1 capital structure across senior debt, mezzanine and equity, the use of proceeds, the Phase 2 follow-on, and the DSCR and coverage profile.

AgriFeed Holdings Business PlanSection 15 › Capital Structure & Funding Request

Section 15 · Business Plan

Capital Structure & Funding Request

The ZAR 550 million Phase 1 capital structure across senior debt, mezzanine and equity, the use of proceeds, the Phase 2 follow-on, and the DSCR and coverage profile.

AgriFeed Holdings is raising R550 million in Phase 1 capital to fund
the design, construction and commissioning of a 30-tonne-per-hour
compound feed manufacturing facility in eMalahleni, Mpumalanga, together
with associated working capital, market activation and contingency
reserves. A subsequent Phase 2 raise of R200 million is planned for Year
4 to fund capacity expansion to 55 t/h, premix capability and a
satellite distribution hub serving the Western Cape. This section sets
out the proposed capital stack, instrument terms, drawdown schedule,
security package, governance rights and the conditions precedent that
will govern disbursement.

15.1 Phase 1 Capital Stack — R550 Million

The capital stack has been engineered to balance founder alignment,
strategic value-add, development finance support and prudent senior
leverage. The blended cost of capital is approximately 13.4%,
comfortably below the project’s unlevered IRR of 24.6%, generating
meaningful equity uplift. Mezzanine debt is sized at the lower end of
the typical range to preserve early-year cash flow flexibility during
ramp-up.

Figure 15.1
Figure 15.1 — Phase 1 R550 million capital stack by instrument and pricing.
Tranche Instrument Amount (R m) % of Stack Pricing / Coupon Tenor
A Founders & Management Equity 66 12.0% Ordinary equity Permanent
B Strategic Equity (industry partner) 121 22.0% Ordinary equity Permanent
C DFI Equity (IDC / DBSA / IFC) 88 16.0% Pref equity, 8% PIK 8 yrs
D Senior Secured Term Loan 209 38.0% JIBAR + 4.25% 8 yrs, 2 yr grace
E Mezzanine / Sub Debt 66 12.0% Fixed 14.5% + warrants 7 yrs, bullet
TOTAL 550 100.0% Blended ~13.4%

15.2 Use of Proceeds — Disciplined Allocation

Every rand of Phase 1 capital is allocated against ring-fenced budget
lines with project-management oversight, independent quantity surveying
and milestone-linked drawdowns. Approximately 72% of proceeds fund
tangible CAPEX (mill, civils, silos, lab, fleet), with the balance
allocated to working capital, pre-operating costs and contingency. The
8% contingency line is industry-standard for greenfield feed mill
construction in Southern Africa and reflects appropriate risk buffering
for civils, FX-exposed equipment and commissioning.

Figure 15.2
Figure 15.2 — Phase 1 use of proceeds by category (R550 million).
Use of Proceeds Category Amount (R m) % Total Description
Mill equipment & installation 215 39.1% Bühler/Andritz 30 t/h line, hammermill, mixer, pellet press, cooler, bagging
Civils, structures & utilities 115 20.9% Mill building, silo foundations, MV substation, water reticulation, ETP
Raw material storage & handling 65 11.8% 8 × 1,500-ton flat-bottom silos, intake pit, conveyors, weighbridge
Laboratory, QC & ICT 22 4.0% NIR, wet-chem lab, mycotoxin equipment, ERP, MES, SCADA
Logistics fleet & loading 28 5.1% 6 bulk feed tankers, 4 curtain-side trucks, satellite tracking
Working capital 60 10.9% Maize procurement, soybean meal stocks, debtor book funding
Pre-operating & launch costs 20 3.6% Recruitment, training, accreditations, brand launch, customer trials
Contingency (8%) 25 4.5% Civils overrun, FX adjustment, equipment commissioning surprises
TOTAL 550 100.0%

15.3 Drawdown Schedule

Capital drawdowns are sequenced to minimise carrying cost while
maintaining contractor liquidity. Equity tranches are committed up-front
and called as required; senior and mezzanine debt are drawn against
quantity-surveyor-certified milestones. The full R550 million is
expected to be deployed over 22 months, with first drawdown at financial
close (Month 0) and final commissioning drawdown at Month 22.

Quarter Equity Drawn Debt Drawn Cumulative Total Key Milestone
Close (M0) R 80m R 0m R 80m Financial close, EPC signed, deposits
Q1 Y1 R 60m R 25m R 165m Site mobilisation, civils start
Q2 Y1 R 50m R 55m R 270m Equipment manufacture, foundations
Q3 Y1 R 45m R 60m R 375m Steelwork, silo erection
Q4 Y1 R 30m R 60m R 465m Mechanical installation
Q1 Y2 R 10m R 50m R 525m Commissioning, FAT/SAT
Q2 Y2 R 0m R 25m R 550m Production ramp, working capital

15.4 Security Package

Senior lenders will benefit from a comprehensive security package
consistent with project-finance market practice for industrial assets in
Southern Africa. The security package is designed to provide robust
downside protection while not over-constraining operational
flexibility.

  • First-ranking general notarial bond over all
    moveable plant, equipment, vehicles, stocks and receivables of AgriFeed
    Manufacturing (Pty) Ltd.
  • First-ranking continuing covering mortgage bond
    over the freehold land at Erf 2847 eMalahleni Industrial Park (12.4
    ha).
  • Cession of all material contracts including
    offtake agreements, EPC contract, insurance policies and intellectual
    property.
  • Pledge of 100% of shares in AgriFeed
    Manufacturing (Pty) Ltd held by AgriFeed Holdings (Pty) Ltd.
  • Debt service reserve account equivalent to 6
    months of senior debt P&I, funded at first commercial
    production.
  • Project completion guarantee from the EPC
    contractor with liquidated damages of R250,000 per day for late
    commissioning.
  • Sponsor support undertaking from strategic
    equity partner covering cost overruns up to R30 million.

15.5 Financial Covenants & Reporting

Senior lenders will benefit from a customary covenant package, tested
quarterly from the start of commercial operations. Headroom assumptions
have been stress-tested against the downside scenario and remain
compliant in all but the most severe stress cases.

Covenant Threshold Test Frequency Curing Mechanism
Debt Service Coverage Ratio ≥ 1.30x Quarterly, rolling 12m Equity injection or cash sweep
Net Debt / EBITDA ≤ 4.5x → 3.0x by Y4 Quarterly Capex deferral, working-cap release
Interest Coverage Ratio ≥ 2.50x Quarterly Equity cure
Minimum tangible net worth ≥ R200m Annual Equity injection
Capex without consent ≤ R20m p.a. Annual Lender approval required
Distribution lockup DSCR < 1.50x Continuous Cash trapped to DSRA

15.6 Investor Governance & Rights

AgriFeed Holdings is committed to robust governance from inception.
The board will comprise nine directors, with composition that ensures
both investor protection and effective oversight. Reserved matters and
information rights are set out in the Shareholders’ Agreement and align
with institutional investor norms in South Africa.

Board Composition Seats Selected By
Independent Non-Executive Chair 1 Joint board nomination
Independent Non-Executive Directors 2 Nominations committee
Founders / Executives 2 CEO + CFO ex officio
Strategic Equity Partner 2 Tranche B holder
DFI Equity Partner 1 Tranche C holder
Senior Lender Observer 1 (non-voting) Tranche D agent bank
TOTAL 9 + 1 observer

Reserved Matters Requiring Investor Consent

  • Annual budget and business plan approval, including capex above
    R10 million.
  • Material acquisitions, disposals or joint ventures exceeding R25
    million.
  • Dividend declarations, share buybacks and capital
    returns.
  • Appointment / removal of CEO, CFO and statutory
    auditors.
  • Material amendments to offtake or supply contracts above R50
    million annual value.
  • New debt facilities or refinancing of senior debt above stated
    thresholds.
  • Issuance of new equity, options or convertible
    instruments.
  • Material litigation settlements or related-party transactions
    above R5 million.
  • Changes to constitutional documents and related-party
    policies.

15.7 Conditions Precedent to First Drawdown

First drawdown of senior debt is subject to standard project-finance
conditions precedent, expected to be satisfied by Month 0. The
conditions precedent process has been structured to permit a 90-day
signing-to-drawdown timetable, consistent with typical Southern African
project-finance precedent.

  • Execution of all transaction documents (term sheet, facility
    agreement, security package, ISA, SHA).
  • Independent legal opinions from sponsor and lender counsel on
    enforceability.
  • Board and shareholder resolutions of all transaction
    parties.
  • Certified copies of corporate documents, KYC and AML
    clearances.
  • Equity contribution evidenced (escrow or paid-in).
  • EPC contract signed with reputable contractor and bonded
    performance guarantees.
  • Environmental authorisation under NEMA, NEMA:WA, NEMA:AQA in
    place.
  • Initial offtake heads-of-terms with at least three Tier 1 / Tier
    2 customers covering ≥ 60% of Year 2 budgeted volume.
  • Insurance binders for CAR, marine cargo, business interruption
    and product liability.
  • Independent technical advisor (ITA), market consultant and
    lender’s engineer reports satisfactory.
  • Hedging strategy for FX exposure on imported equipment in
    place.

15.8 Phase 2 Capital — R200 Million (Year 4)

The Phase 2 capital raise of R200 million is anchored to the
achievement of the Phase 1 base-case operating plan and is expected to
fund: (i) addition of a second pellet line raising rated capacity from
30 t/h to 55 t/h; (ii) construction of an integrated premix plant for
vitamins, minerals and feed additives; (iii) satellite distribution hub
in the Western Cape (40,000 t/yr); and (iv) selective backward
integration into key raw materials. Phase 2 capital is expected to be
raised through a combination of strategic equity follow-on, retained
earnings and senior debt refinancing, with no incremental founder
dilution required.

Phase 2 trigger conditions — (i) cumulative EBITDA of R350m
through Y3; (ii) capacity utilisation > 78%; (iii) DSCR > 1.65x;
(iv) at least two long-term offtake agreements signed.

Confidential — this business plan is provided to prospective investors and lenders for evaluation purposes only and may not be reproduced or distributed without the written consent of AgriFeed Holdings (Pty) Ltd.