Helios Nexus Energy — Business Model & Revenue Streams

The revenue streams across generation, storage, corporate power trading and PPAs, the unit economics and the platform economics underpinning Helios Nexus.

Helios Nexus Energy Business PlanSection 4 › Business Model & Revenue Streams

Section 4 · Business Plan

Business Model & Revenue Streams

The revenue streams across generation, storage, corporate power trading and PPAs, the unit economics and the platform economics underpinning Helios Nexus.

Helios Nexus earns revenue across five divisions spanning the energy
value chain. Generation (solar and wind) provides the contracted,
asset-backed base; storage firms and arbitrages that energy; trading and
wheeling monetise aggregation and delivery; and environmental markets
capture the value of the platform’s green attributes.

Figure 5
Figure 5 — Revenue mix by division at maturity
Division Share Description & contracting basis
Solar generation (3 GW) 45% Utility-scale PV in Northern Cape, Free State, North West; 10–20 year PPAs; the contracted base.
Wind generation (3 GW) 25% Eastern and Western Cape wind; complementary profile; 10–20 year PPAs.
Battery storage (1.5 GW) 10% Peak-shaving, grid stabilisation, frequency regulation, arbitrage; capacity and ancillary revenue.
Energy trading 10% Purchase from third-party IPPs and resell to corporates; margin on volume; licence-dependent.
Wheeling platform 5% Delivery across Eskom and municipal networks via VWP; service fees.
Carbon & REC markets 5% Carbon credits, renewable-energy certificates, sustainability-linked products.
Key finding — the blended margin reflects the trading
mix

The blended EBITDA margin plateaus near 44–47%, not the 65–75%
typical of a pure generation IPP. This is not underperformance — it is
the arithmetic of the integrated model. Generation and storage are
high-margin, asset-backed businesses; trading and wheeling are
high-revenue, low-margin pass-through activities (the platform buys
power and resells it at a spread). Blending them produces a lower but
still healthy margin on a much larger revenue base, and diversifies the
earnings. Investors valuing the platform should apply differentiated
multiples by division — a higher multiple to the contracted generation
and storage earnings, a lower one to the trading margin — rather than a
single blended multiple, and should read the ~44–47% margin as the
correct, realistic signature of a trading-inclusive platform.

4.1 Division economics and integration

The divisions reinforce one another. Owned generation gives the
trading desk a reliable, low-cost supply to build portfolios around;
storage lets the platform shift generation into high-price periods and
offer firmer, premium products; wheeling extends reach to offtakers who
cannot host on-site generation; and the environmental-markets desk
monetises the RECs and carbon attributes that the generation naturally
produces. This integration is the source of both the diversified revenue
and the margin plateau — and it is why the Company is best understood as
an energy platform, not a generator with side businesses.

Contracted-revenue target. The Company targets 80%
contracted revenue on 10–15 year average terms, with the balance in
higher-margin merchant, arbitrage and environmental-market activity.
This mix underpins bankability — lenders size debt against the
contracted base — while preserving upside from the trading and
environmental divisions.

Figure 6
Figure 6 — Contracted vs merchant revenue: 80% contracted target

4.2 Trading and wheeling economics

The trading and wheeling divisions operate on fundamentally different
economics from generation, and understanding this is essential to
valuing the platform. Generation earns a high margin on a contracted
tariff against owned assets. Trading buys power from third-party IPPs
and resells it to corporate offtakers, earning a spread — a low margin
on high revenue, with working-capital intensity and counterparty-credit
risk. Wheeling earns a service fee for delivering power across the grid
via the VWP. Together they add revenue, reach and optionality, but at a
lower blended margin.

Activity Margin profile Capital / risk Strategic role
Solar & wind generation High (asset-backed PPA) High capex; contracted Contracted cash-flow base
Battery storage High (arbitrage + ancillary) High capex; augmentation Firming & flexibility
Energy trading Low (spread on volume) Working capital; credit risk Reach & aggregation margin
Wheeling Low (service fee) Platform; regulatory Delivery & multi-site access
Carbon & RECs Variable Low capital Green-attribute monetisation

The strategic logic is that the low-margin activities make the
high-margin activities more valuable. Trading gives the generation a
wider, more flexible route to market; wheeling reaches offtakers who
cannot host generation; and owned generation gives the trading desk a
reliable, low-cost supply to build portfolios around. The platform
captures a margin at each handoff that a single-activity competitor
cannot — which is the integration thesis in economic terms, and the
reason the blended margin (44–47%) should be read as a
diversified-platform signature rather than a diluted generation
margin.

4.3 Offtake strategy and contracted-revenue build

The 80% contracted-revenue target is built through a disciplined
offtake strategy that layers long-term anchor PPAs, medium-term
corporate contracts and shorter-term trading arrangements. Anchor
offtakers — large mining houses and industrials with long horizons and
strong credit — underpin the generation SPVs and the debt sizing;
corporate PPAs with property, data-centre and manufacturing customers
add volume and diversification; and the trading desk captures the
balance through shorter-term, higher-margin arrangements.

Contract type Tenor Counterparty Role
Anchor PPA 15–20 years Mining / industrial (strong credit) Underpins SPV debt
Corporate PPA 5–15 years Property, data centres, manufacturing Volume & diversification
Wheeling agreement 3–10 years Multi-site corporate offtakers Reach via VWP
Trading contract <3 years Corporate & wholesale Margin & flexibility
Ancillary / capacity Variable System operator Storage & grid services

Counterparty credit is actively managed: offtake is diversified
across sectors and names, anchor contracts carry credit support or
take-or-pay features, and the trading desk operates within
counterparty-credit limits and mark-to-market controls. This layered
structure delivers the bankable contracted base lenders require while
preserving the merchant and trading upside that lifts blended returns —
the practical mechanism behind the 80% contracted target shown in Figure
6.

Confidential — this business plan is provided to prospective investors and lenders for evaluation purposes only and may not be reproduced or distributed without the written consent of Helios Nexus Energy Holdings (Pty) Ltd.