Kasi Kicks Business Plan — The Size Curve: Where Footwear Margin Is Lost

A pair arrives in a size the buyer did not choose. Broken size curves drive markdown, and markdown is where footwear retail margin disappears.

The Size Curve: Where Footwear Margin Is Lost

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  • 3.1 Why footwear is different from apparel
  • 3.2 What discipline is worth
  • 3.3 The markdown cascade

3.1 Why footwear is different from apparel

A shirt comes in perhaps five sizes and most of the demand sits in three. A sneaker style comes in nine or more men’s sizes, and the buyer commits to the whole run months before the first pair sells. Industry planning benchmarks put roughly 60 to 70 per cent of units in four or five core sizes, and the consequence is that footwear turns stock only about 4.4 times a year against much faster rates in general fashion.

Size

True demand

Flat buy

Weighted buy

Residual on a flat buy

UK 5

3.0%

11.1%

4.5%

81 pairs

UK 6

6.8%

11.1%

7.6%

43 pairs

UK 7

13.5%

11.1%

13.1%

0 pairs

UK 8

19.6%

11.1%

18.1%

0 pairs

UK 9

20.5%

11.1%

18.8%

0 pairs

UK 10

17.0%

11.1%

15.9%

0 pairs

UK 11

10.8%

11.1%

10.9%

3 pairs

UK 12

6.1%

11.1%

7.0%

50 pairs

UK 13

2.7%

11.1%

4.2%

84 pairs

Unsold pairs by size on a flat buy of 1 000 units
Figure 7. Unsold pairs by size on a flat buy of 1 000 units.

The pattern is stark. On a flat buy, UK 5 and UK 13 together leave 165 pairs of unsellable stock, while the core sizes sell out and the sales that would have followed are simply lost. The style may look like it performed reasonably in total, and the margin has already gone.

3.2 What discipline is worth

On 1 000 units of one style

Flat buy

Weighted buy

Sold at full price

738 pairs

953 pairs

Full-price sell-through

74%

95%

Marked down

262 pairs

48 pairs

Sales lost to stockouts in core sizes

262 pairs

48 pairs

Revenue at a 40% residual markdown

R1 217 472

R1 335 248

Gross profit

R569 472

R687 248

Gross margin

46.8%

51.5%

3.3 The markdown cascade

Gross profit per pair at each stage of markdown
Figure 8. Gross profit per pair at each stage of markdown.

Stage

Discount

Selling price

Gross profit

Gross margin

Full price

0%

R1 360

R712

52.4%

First markdown

20%

R1 088

R440

40.4%

Second markdown

40%

R816

R168

20.6%

Clearance

55%

R612

(R36)

-5.9%

Terminal

70%

R408

(R240)

-58.8%

Industry commentary notes that full-price sell-through across fashion has fallen from a norm of 70 to 75 per cent down to roughly 50 per cent at many retailers, turning markdown from a clean-up tool into half the business. This plan assumes a blended full-price rate of 73 per cent, which is above that degraded norm and is achievable only because of the size-curve discipline in Section 3.2. If the discipline fails, the assumption fails with it.