Two Seasons Garlic Business Plan — Business Model

How the business earns across fresh, seed and processed lines, and the unit economics of a planted hectare.

Business Model

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  • 10.1 Business Model Canvas
  • 10.2 How capital converts into returns
  • 10.3 Unit economics per hectare

Capital becomes a seed bank and post-harvest assets; the seed bank becomes hectares; hectares become cured garlic sold at a rising blended price; and a 34% EBITDA margin at scale converts into investor returns.

10.1 Business Model Canvas

Building block

Content

Customer segments

National retail groups; food-service distributors; SADC importers; market agents; processors

Value proposition

Eight-month local supply window; harvest-to-shelf freshness; locally peeled long-shelf-life cloves; full traceability; provenance labelling

Channels

Direct to retail DCs; food-service distributors; export agents; market agents

Customer relationships

Seasonal programme agreements with weekly call-offs; key-account management by the commercial director; technical visits to retailer QA

Revenue streams

Retail programmes (42% of FY2031 revenue); peeled food service (30%); SADC export (14%); wholesale (13%); culls (1%)

Key resources

Seed bank; two leased irrigated blocks with water entitlements; packhouse and peeling line; agronomic team; retail listing

Key activities

Seed selection; planting and crop management; curing; grading and packing; peeling; programme management; compliance

Key partners

Landowners; certified seed supplier (season one); retail category buyers; growers’ association; irrigation and equipment suppliers; term lender; crop insurer

Cost structure

Field cost ~R139,000/ha (variable); packing, curing and peeling per tonne (variable); overheads ~R13m at FY2031 (largely fixed)

Table 18. Business Model Canvas.

10.2 How capital converts into returns

Stage

What happens

FY2031 quantity

Capital

R35.0m equity + R14.0m debt over three tranches

R49.0m

Assets and capabilities

R40.7m capex in irrigation, curing, packhouse, peeling, mechanisation; 176 t seed bank; certified packhouse

PPE R29.8m net

Products

92 ha × 11.8 t/ha = 1,086 t harvest; 910 t saleable

910 t

Customers

~12 target accounts across retail, food service, export, wholesale

No account >35%

Revenue

Sold volume × channel price; blended R58/kg of saleable crop

R52.8m

EBITDA

Gross margin 59% less overheads R13.0m

R18.0m (34%)

Cash flow

EBITDA less tax, working capital and maintenance capex

FCF R8.7m

Investor returns

6.5x EBITDA exit; equity value after net debt; fully diluted ownership

Seed 3.2x; A 1.9x; B 1.4x

Table 19. Capital → Assets → Products → Customers → Revenue → EBITDA → Cash flow → Returns.

10.3 Unit economics per hectare

Per hectare, FY2031

R

Basis

Harvest

11.8 t

Yield assumption

Less seed retained

(1.9 t)

176 t / 92 ha

Saleable

9.9 t

After retention; before 8% culls

Revenue

574,000

Blended R58/kg × 9.9 t

Field cost

(139,000)

Inputs, irrigation, labour, mechanisation

Curing, packing, peeling, logistics

(103,000)

Volume-driven post-harvest costs

Contribution

332,000

58% of revenue

Overheads allocated

(142,000)

R13.0m / 92 ha

EBITDA

190,000

33% of revenue

Table 20. Unit economics per planted hectare at FY2031.